转:http://blog.csdn.net/sicexpn/article/details/39475983
http://www.ziqiangxuetang.com/django/django-tutorial.html
http://www.runoob.com/django/django-admin-manage-tool.html
一、Django环境配置
1、Apache安装
- sudo apt-get install apache2
2、mysql安装
- sudo apt-get install mysql-server mysql-client
3、python安装
4、Django安装
- sudo apt-get install python-pip
- sudo pip install Django==1.6.5
- sudo apt-get install python-mysqldb
二、开发步骤-管理网站
1、新建Project
- django-admin.py startproject mysite
2、新建APP
- python manage.py startapp polls
3、数据库配置
修改mysite/mysite/setting.py中的数据库配置
- DATABASES = {
- 'default': {
- 'ENGINE': 'django.db.backends.mysql',//mysql
- 'NAME': 'djangoDB',//data base
- 'USER': 'root',
- 'PASSWORD': 'root',
- 'HOST': '127.0.0.1',
- 'PORT': '',
- }
- }
修改mysite/mysite/setting.py中的install APP配置
- INSTALLED_APPS = (
- 'django.contrib.admin',
- 'django.contrib.auth',
- 'django.contrib.contenttypes',
- 'django.contrib.sessions',
- 'django.contrib.messages',
- 'django.contrib.staticfiles',
- 'polls',//添加的APP，其他默认
- )
4、默认数据库建立
- python manage.py syncdb
- mysql> show tables;
- +------------------------+
- | Tables_in_djangoDB |
- +------------------------+
- | auth_group |
- | auth_group_permissions |
- | auth_permission |
- | auth_user |
- | django_admin_log |
- | django_content_type |
- | django_session |
- | polls_choice |
- | polls_question |
- +------------------------+
5、model和数据库建立
编辑polls/model.py
- from django.db import models
- from django.utils import timezone
- # Create your models here.
- class Question(models.Model):
- question_text=models.CharField(max_length=200)
- pub_date=models.DateTimeField('date published')
- def __str__(self):
- return self.question_text
- def was_published_recently(self):
- return self.pub_date >= timezone.now() - datetime.timedelta(days=1)
- class Choice(models.Model):
- question=models.ForeignKey(Question)
- choice_text=models.CharField(max_length=200)
- votes=models.IntegerField(default=0)
- def __str__(self):
- return self.choice_text
编辑polls/admin.py,注册APP
- from django.contrib import admin
- from polls.models import Choice, Question
- admin.site.register(Question)
- admin.site.register(Choice)
- # Register your models here.
model对应的mysql数据库结构如下
- mysql> desc polls_choice;
- +-------------+--------------+------+-----+---------+----------------+
- | Field | Type | Null | Key | Default | Extra |
- +-------------+--------------+------+-----+---------+----------------+
- | id | int(11) | NO | PRI | NULL | auto_increment |
- | question_id | int(11) | NO | MUL | NULL | |
- | choice_text | varchar(200) | NO | | NULL | |
- | votes | int(11) | NO | | NULL | |
- +-------------+--------------+------+-----+---------+----------------+
- 4 rows in set (0.00 sec)
- mysql> desc polls_question;
- +---------------+--------------+------+-----+---------+----------------+
- | Field | Type | Null | Key | Default | Extra |
- +---------------+--------------+------+-----+---------+----------------+
- | id | int(11) | NO | PRI | NULL | auto_increment |
- | question_text | varchar(200) | NO | | NULL | |
- | pub_date | datetime | NO | | NULL | |
- +---------------+--------------+------+-----+---------+----------------+
- 3 rows in set (0.00 sec)
6、管理页面
- 超级用户增加
- python manage.py createsuperuser
- 运行
- python manage.py runserver 0.0.0.0:8000
此时浏览器打开即可访问到管理界面，实现友好的控制（数据库、用户等）
三、开发步骤-public网页
1、html页面
- root@u21:~/mysites/polls/templates/polls# ls
- detail.html index.html
- root@u21:~/mysites/polls/templates/polls# cat detail.html
- <h1>{{question.question_text}}</h1>
- <ul>
- {% for choice in question.choice_set.all %}
- <span style="white-space:pre"> </span><li>{{choice.choice_text}}</li>
- {% endfor %}
- </ul>
- root@u21:~/mysites/polls/templates/polls# cat index.html
- {%if latest_question_list %}
- <ul>
- {% for question in latest_question_list %}
- <li><a href="/polls/{{ question.id }}/">{{ question.question_text }}</a></li>
- {% endfor %}
- </ul>
- {% else %}
- <p>No polls are available.</p>
- {% endif %}
2、view
- root@u21:~/mysites/polls# cat views.py
- from django.shortcuts import render
- from django.http import HttpResponse,Http404
- from polls.models import Question
- from django.template import RequestContext,loader
- def index(request):
- latest_question_list = Question.objects.order_by('-pub_date')[:5]
- template = loader.get_template('polls/index.html')
- context = RequestContext(request, {
- 'latest_question_list': latest_question_list,
- })
- return HttpResponse(template.render(context))
- def detail(request, question_id):
- try:
- question = Question.objects.get(pk=question_id)
- except Question.DoesNotExist:
- raise Http404
- return render(request, 'polls/detail.html', {'question': question})
- def results(request, question_id):
- response = "You're looking at the results of question %s."
- return HttpResponse(response % question_id)
- def vote(request, question_id):
- return HttpResponse("You're voting on question %s." % question_id)
3、url匹配
- root@u21:~/mysites/polls# cat urls.py
- from django.conf.urls import patterns, url
- from polls import views
- urlpatterns = patterns('',
- # ex: /polls/
- url(r'^$', views.index, name='index'),
- # ex: /polls/5/
- url(r'^(?P<question_id>\d+)/$', views.detail, name='detail'),
- # ex: /polls/5/results/
- url(r'^(?P<question_id>\d+)/results/$', views.results, name='results'),
- # ex: /polls/5/vote/
- url(r'^(?P<question_id>\d+)/vote/$', views.vote, name='vote'),
- )
- root@u21:~/mysites/mysites# cat urls.py
- from django.conf.urls import patterns, include, url
- from django.contrib import admin
- admin.autodiscover()
- urlpatterns = patterns('',
- # Examples:
- # url(r'^$', 'mysites.views.home', name='home'),
- # url(r'^blog/', include('blog.urls')),
- url(r'^admin/', include(admin.site.urls)),
- url(r'^polls/', include('polls.urls')),
- )
打开页面即可进行测试
