转：http://www.cnblogs.com/phpdragon/archive/2012/06/10/2544171.html
http://blog.csdn.net/cwt0408/article/details/6955613
最近工作的内容使用到了接口！
对于系统接口：
现下接触的有两种！
1、URL类型的接口
URL路由带参数式的接口！这个很好做！只要有过Web开发经验的人都能完成！
这种接口数据不够隐蔽性，可以直接在浏览其中看到，
如支付宝的交易请求URL。需要加一个MD5签名，和服务器端的再次向支付宝服务器发送验证！
虽然soap方式传递的数据隐蔽性很好!但为了数据安全，难免也需要进行数据签名。
2、SOAP类型的接口
无关编程语言、无关平台、扩展性很好
要实现一个SOAP 型的接口，有两种方式：一种有WSDL文件方式、一中无WSDL文件方式！
对于热爱研究型的人来说,使用第一种方式可以让你清楚的了解PHP是怎么创建了一个Web Service！
但第一种对于新手来说，创建一个XML格式的WSDL文件，是比较难的，这你的先了解熟悉什么是XML！
学会XML语法！
但对于一个急于解决问题的人来说！没有这么多的时间去熟悉！所以这是件烦恼的事！
不过不急，上面说了，还有一种无需WSDL文件的方式！而且，本讲解还提供了一个自动生成WSDL文件的类！
讲解前，先配置下PHP的soap环境支持：
找到php.ini文件
；extension=php_soap.dll
删除掉"；" ，重启apache服务器
一、有WSDL文件方式
在这里先介绍标准的webservice。
那么如何创建wsdl呢？对于PHP来说这确实是件很不容易的事情，有人说用zend studio创建很方便，这是一种方法。但对于那些不喜欢用zend studio的人来说，会觉得创建一个web service还要安装zend studio，太强人所难了。
在这里介绍一个简单的方法，到网上下载SoapDiscovery.class.php类，里面有个公用方法：getWSDL，这个方法末尾是用的return，那么，你修改一下这个方法：
//return sprintf('%s%s%s%s%s%s', $headerWSDL, $portTypeWSDL, $bindingWSDL, $serviceWSDL, $messageWSDL, '</definitions>');
//生成wsdl文件，将上面的return注释
$fso = fopen($this->class_name . ".wsdl" , "w");
fwrite($fso, sprintf('%s%s%s%s%s%s', $headerWSDL, $portTypeWSDL, $bindingWSDL, $serviceWSDL, $messageWSDL, '</definitions>'));
现在生成wsdl的类有了，SoapDiscovery.class.php（源码在最末尾）。
再准备一个提供服务的Service.php类文件或者函数就可以创建wsdl了!
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<?php
class Service {
public function HelloWorld() {
return "Hello";
}
public function Add($a, $b) {
return $a + $b;
}
}
?>
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创建wsdl文件的creat_wsdl.php
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<?php
include("Service.php");
include("SoapDiscovery.class.php");
$disco = new SoapDiscovery('Service', 'soap'); //第一个参数是类名（生成的wsdl文件就是以它来命名的），即Service类，第二个参数是服务的名字（这个可以随便写）。
$disco->getWSDL();
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运行create_wsdl.php文件，此时会生成一个Service.wsdl的文件
再在Service.php文件中添加一些代码
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<?php
class Service {
public function HelloWorld() {
return "Hello";
}
public function Add($a, $b) {
return $a + $b;
}
}
$server = new SoapServer('Service.wsdl', array('soap_version' => SOAP_1_2));
$server->setClass("Service"); //注册Service类的所有方法
$server->handle(); //处理请求
?>
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创建webservice客户端程序，测试webservice是否有效，文件名是：client.php
将以下内容拷贝进去：
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<?php
ini_set('soap.wsdl_cache_enabled', "0"); //关闭wsdl缓存
$soap = new SoapClient('http://localhost/Dragon/soap/Service.php?wsdl');
echo $soap->Add(28, 2);
echo $soap->__soapCall('Add',array(28,2))//或这样调用
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OK！测试通过！
二、无WSDL文件方式
服务器端
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<?php
class Service
{
public function HelloWorld()
{
return "Hello";
}
public function Add($a,$b)
{
return $a+$b;
}
}
$server=new SoapServer(null,array('uri' => "abcd"));
$server->setClass("Service");
$server->handle();
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客户端
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<?php
try {
$soap = new SoapClient(null, array(
"location" => "http://localhost/Dragon/soap/Service.php",
"uri" => "abcd", //资源描述符服务器和客户端必须对应
"style" => SOAP_RPC,
"use" => SOAP_ENCODED
));
echo $soap->Add(12, 2);
} catch (Exction $e) {
echo print_r($e->getMessage(), true);
}
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三．出现的问题。
1.在方法中对属性的赋值在其他方法中不起作用。
比如在客户端调用服务端某个方法对某个属性赋值。
在其他方法里就不能用。但在 __construct 方法中对属性的赋值是可以个在其他方法中使用的。
2. 提示 Client] looks like we got no XML document错误。
服务器端文件在<?php ?> 标签前后都不要有任何数据包括空格，空行。
3. Warning: SoapClient::SoapClient(): I/O warning : failed to load external entity
原因如下：PHP程序作为 SOAP客户端 采用 WSDL 模式访问远端服务器的时候，PHP是通过调用 libcurl 实现的。至少在 PHP5.2.X 是这样的。如果采用 non-WSDL 模式，就不需要 libcurl。除了 了ibcurl以外，至少还关联的库包括：libidn,ibgcc,libiconv,libintl,openssl
现在，你已经解决你了系统接口的问题了！剩下的空余时间，就有必要去了解什么是SOAP、http协议、XML了！
SoapDiscovery.class.php 文件
View Code
修正版：
根据YII 的CWsdlGenerator改变而来，
增加了接口参数的类型识别；
使用前需使用IDE对方法名进行注释，方可自动生成有效的WSDL文件。（具体原因可查看代码processMethod方法中的115行）
调用方法：
<?php
include(dirname(__FILE__) . './SoapDiscovery.class.php');
$disco = new SoapDiscovery();
$disco->getWSDL('service', 'http://www.xxx.com/service.php');
?>
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<?php
/**
* CWsdlGenerator class file.
*
* @author Qiang Xue <qiang.xue@gmail.com>
* @link http://www.yiiframework.com/
* @copyright Copyright © 2008-2011 Yii Software LLC
* @license http://www.yiiframework.com/license/
*/
/**
* CWsdlGenerator generates the WSDL for a given service class.
*
* The WSDL generation is based on the doc comments found in the service class file.
* In particular, it recognizes the '@soap' tag in the comment and extracts
* API method and type definitions.
*
* In a service class, a remote invokable method must be a public method with a doc
* comment block containing the '@soap' tag. In the doc comment, the type and name
* of every input parameter and the type of the return value should be declared using
* the standard phpdoc format.
*
* CWsdlGenerator recognizes the following primitive types (case-sensitive) in
* the parameter and return type declarations:
* <ul>
* <li>str/string: maps to xsd:string;</li>
* <li>int/integer: maps to xsd:int;</li>
* <li>float/double: maps to xsd:float;</li>
* <li>bool/boolean: maps to xsd:boolean;</li>
* <li>date: maps to xsd:date;</li>
* <li>time: maps to xsd:time;</li>
* <li>datetime: maps to xsd:dateTime;</li>
* <li>array: maps to xsd:string;</li>
* <li>object: maps to xsd:struct;</li>
* <li>mixed: maps to xsd:anyType.</li>
* </ul>
*
* If a type is not a primitive type, it is considered as a class type, and
* CWsdlGenerator will look for its property declarations. Only public properties
* are considered, and they each must be associated with a doc comment block containg
* the '@soap' tag. The doc comment block should declare the type of the property.
*
* CWsdlGenerator recognizes the array type with the following format:
* <pre>
* typeName[]: maps to tns:typeNameArray
* </pre>
*
* The following is an example declaring a remote invokable method:
* <pre>
* / **
* * A foo method.
* * @param string name of something
* * @param string value of something
* * @return string[] some array
* * @soap
* * /
* public function foo($name,$value) {...}
* </pre>
*
* And the following is an example declaring a class with remote accessible properties:
* <pre>
* class Foo {
* / **
* * @var string name of foo
* * @soap
* * /
* public $name;
* / **
* * @var Member[] members of foo
* * @soap
* * /
* public $members;
* }
* </pre>
* In the above, the 'members' property is an array of 'Member' objects. Since 'Member' is not
* a primitive type, CWsdlGenerator will look further to find the definition of 'Member'.
*
* @author Qiang Xue <qiang.xue@gmail.com>
* @version $Id: CWsdlGenerator.php 2799 2011-01-01 19:31:13Z qiang.xue $
* @package system.web.services
* @since 1.0
*/
class SoapDiscovery {
/**
* @var string the namespace to be used in the generated WSDL.
* If not set, it defaults to the name of the class that WSDL is generated upon.
*/
public $namespace;
/**
* @var string the name of the generated WSDL.
* If not set, it defaults to "urn:{$className}wsdl".
*/
public $serviceName;
private $_operations;
private $_types;
private $_messages;
/**
* Generates the WSDL for the given class.
* @param string $className class name
* @param string $serviceUrl Web service URL
* @param string $encoding encoding of the WSDL. Defaults to 'UTF-8'.
* @return string the generated WSDL
*/
public function getWSDL($className, $serviceUrl, $encoding = 'UTF-8') {
$this->_operations = array();
$this->_types = array();
$this->_messages = array();
if ($this->serviceName === null)
$this->serviceName = $className;
if ($this->namespace === null)
$this->namespace = "urn:{$className}wsdl";
$reflection = new ReflectionClass($className);
foreach ($reflection->getMethods() as $method) {
if ($method->isPublic())
$this->processMethod($method);
}
//return $this->buildDOM($serviceUrl, $encoding)->saveXML();
$fso = fopen($this->serviceName . ".wsdl", "w");
fwrite($fso, $this->buildDOM($serviceUrl, $encoding)->saveXML());
}
/*
* @param ReflectionMethod $method method
*/
private function processMethod($method) {
$comment = $method->getDocComment();
if (strpos($comment, '@soap') === false)
return;
$methodName = $method->getName();
$comment = preg_replace('/^\s*\**(\s*?$|\s*)/m', '', $comment);
$params = $method->getParameters();
$message = array();
$n = preg_match_all('/^@param\s+([\w\.]+(\[\s*\])?)\s*?(.*)$/im', $comment, $matches);
if ($n > count($params))
$n = count($params);
for ($i = 0; $i < $n; ++$i)
$message[$params[$i]->getName()] = array($this->processType($matches[1][$i]), trim($matches[3][$i])); // name => type, doc
$this->_messages[$methodName . 'Request'] = $message;
if (preg_match('/^@return\s+([\w\.]+(\[\s*\])?)\s*?(.*)$/im', $comment, $matches))
$return = array($this->processType($matches[1]), trim($matches[2])); // type, doc
else
$return = null;
$this->_messages[$methodName . 'Response'] = array('return' => $return);
if (preg_match('/^\/\*+\s*([^@]*?)\n@/s', $comment, $matches))
$doc = trim($matches[1]);
else
$doc = '';
$this->_operations[$methodName] = $doc;
}
/*
* @param string $type PHP variable type
*/
private function processType($type) {
static $typeMap = array(
'string' => 'xsd:string',
'str' => 'xsd:string',
'int' => 'xsd:int',
'integer' => 'xsd:integer',
'float' => 'xsd:float',
'double' => 'xsd:float',
'bool' => 'xsd:boolean',
'boolean' => 'xsd:boolean',
'date' => 'xsd:date',
'time' => 'xsd:time',
'datetime' => 'xsd:dateTime',
'array' => 'soap-enc:Array',
'object' => 'xsd:struct',
'mixed' => 'xsd:anyType',
);
if (isset($typeMap[$type]))
return $typeMap[$type];
else if (isset($this->_types[$type]))
return is_array($this->_types[$type]) ? 'tns:' . $type : $this->_types[$type];
else if (($pos = strpos($type, '[]')) !== false) { // if it is an array
$type = substr($type, 0, $pos);
if (isset($typeMap[$type]))
$this->_types[$type . '[]'] = 'xsd:' . $type . 'Array';
else {
$this->_types[$type . '[]'] = 'tns:' . $type . 'Array';
$this->processType($type);
}
return $this->_types[$type . '[]'];
}
}
/*
* @param string $serviceUrl Web service URL
* @param string $encoding encoding of the WSDL. Defaults to 'UTF-8'.
*/
private function buildDOM($serviceUrl, $encoding) {
$xml = "<?xml version=\"1.0\" encoding=\"$encoding\"?>
<definitions name=\"{$this->serviceName}\" targetNamespace=\"{$this->namespace}\"
xmlns=\"http://schemas.xmlsoap.org/wsdl/\"
xmlns:tns=\"{$this->namespace}\"
xmlns:soap=\"http://schemas.xmlsoap.org/wsdl/soap/\"
xmlns:xsd=\"http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema\"
xmlns:wsdl=\"http://schemas.xmlsoap.org/wsdl/\"
xmlns:soap-enc=\"http://schemas.xmlsoap.org/soap/encoding/\"></definitions>";
$dom = new DOMDocument();
$dom->loadXml($xml);
$this->addTypes($dom);
$this->addMessages($dom);
$this->addPortTypes($dom);
$this->addBindings($dom);
$this->addService($dom, $serviceUrl);
return $dom;
}
/*
* @param DOMDocument $dom Represents an entire HTML or XML document; serves as the root of the document tree
*/
private function addTypes($dom) {
if ($this->_types === array())
return;
$types = $dom->createElement('wsdl:types');
$schema = $dom->createElement('xsd:schema');
$schema->setAttribute('targetNamespace', $this->namespace);
foreach ($this->_types as $phpType => $xmlType) {
if (is_string($xmlType) && strrpos($xmlType, 'Array') !== strlen($xmlType) - 5)
continue; // simple type
$complexType = $dom->createElement('xsd:complexType');
if (is_string($xmlType)) {
if (($pos = strpos($xmlType, 'tns:')) !== false)
$complexType->setAttribute('name', substr($xmlType, 4));
else
$complexType->setAttribute('name', $xmlType);
$complexContent = $dom->createElement('xsd:complexContent');
$restriction = $dom->createElement('xsd:restriction');
$restriction->setAttribute('base', 'soap-enc:Array');
$attribute = $dom->createElement('xsd:attribute');
$attribute->setAttribute('ref', 'soap-enc:arrayType');
$attribute->setAttribute('wsdl:arrayType', substr($xmlType, 0, strlen($xmlType) - 5) . '[]');
$restriction->appendChild($attribute);
$complexContent->appendChild($restriction);
$complexType->appendChild($complexContent);
}
else if (is_array($xmlType)) {
$complexType->setAttribute('name', $phpType);
$all = $dom->createElement('xsd:all');
foreach ($xmlType as $name => $type) {
$element = $dom->createElement('xsd:element');
$element->setAttribute('name', $name);
$element->setAttribute('type', $type[0]);
$all->appendChild($element);
}
$complexType->appendChild($all);
}
$schema->appendChild($complexType);
$types->appendChild($schema);
}
$dom->documentElement->appendChild($types);
}
/*
* @param DOMDocument $dom Represents an entire HTML or XML document; serves as the root of the document tree
*/
private function addMessages($dom) {
foreach ($this->_messages as $name => $message) {
$element = $dom->createElement('wsdl:message');
$element->setAttribute('name', $name);
foreach ($this->_messages[$name] as $partName => $part) {
if (is_array($part)) {
$partElement = $dom->createElement('wsdl:part');
$partElement->setAttribute('name', $partName);
$partElement->setAttribute('type', $part[0]);
$element->appendChild($partElement);
}
}
$dom->documentElement->appendChild($element);
}
}
/*
* @param DOMDocument $dom Represents an entire HTML or XML document; serves as the root of the document tree
*/
private function addPortTypes($dom) {
$portType = $dom->createElement('wsdl:portType');
$portType->setAttribute('name', $this->serviceName . 'PortType');
$dom->documentElement->appendChild($portType);
foreach ($this->_operations as $name => $doc)
$portType->appendChild($this->createPortElement($dom, $name, $doc));
}
/*
* @param DOMDocument $dom Represents an entire HTML or XML document; serves as the root of the document tree
* @param string $name method name
* @param string $doc doc
*/
private function createPortElement($dom, $name, $doc) {
$operation = $dom->createElement('wsdl:operation');
$operation->setAttribute('name', $name);
$input = $dom->createElement('wsdl:input');
$input->setAttribute('message', 'tns:' . $name . 'Request');
$output = $dom->createElement('wsdl:output');
$output->setAttribute('message', 'tns:' . $name . 'Response');
$operation->appendChild($dom->createElement('wsdl:documentation', $doc));
$operation->appendChild($input);
$operation->appendChild($output);
return $operation;
}
/*
* @param DOMDocument $dom Represents an entire HTML or XML document; serves as the root of the document tree
*/
private function addBindings($dom) {
$binding = $dom->createElement('wsdl:binding');
$binding->setAttribute('name', $this->serviceName . 'Binding');
$binding->setAttribute('type', 'tns:' . $this->serviceName . 'PortType');
$soapBinding = $dom->createElement('soap:binding');
$soapBinding->setAttribute('style', 'rpc');
$soapBinding->setAttribute('transport', 'http://schemas.xmlsoap.org/soap/http');
$binding->appendChild($soapBinding);
$dom->documentElement->appendChild($binding);
foreach ($this->_operations as $name => $doc)
$binding->appendChild($this->createOperationElement($dom, $name));
}
/*
* @param DOMDocument $dom Represents an entire HTML or XML document; serves as the root of the document tree
* @param string $name method name
*/
private function createOperationElement($dom, $name) {
$operation = $dom->createElement('wsdl:operation');
$operation->setAttribute('name', $name);
$soapOperation = $dom->createElement('soap:operation');
$soapOperation->setAttribute('soapAction', $this->namespace . '#' . $name);
$soapOperation->setAttribute('style', 'rpc');
$input = $dom->createElement('wsdl:input');
$output = $dom->createElement('wsdl:output');
$soapBody = $dom->createElement('soap:body');
$soapBody->setAttribute('use', 'encoded');
$soapBody->setAttribute('namespace', $this->namespace);
$soapBody->setAttribute('encodingStyle', 'http://schemas.xmlsoap.org/soap/encoding/');
$input->appendChild($soapBody);
$output->appendChild(clone $soapBody);
$operation->appendChild($soapOperation);
$operation->appendChild($input);
$operation->appendChild($output);
return $operation;
}
/*
* @param DOMDocument $dom Represents an entire HTML or XML document; serves as the root of the document tree
* @param string $serviceUrl Web service URL
*/
private function addService($dom, $serviceUrl) {
$service = $dom->createElement('wsdl:service');
$service->setAttribute('name', $this->serviceName . 'Service');
$port = $dom->createElement('wsdl:port');
$port->setAttribute('name', $this->serviceName . 'Port');
$port->setAttribute('binding', 'tns:' . $this->serviceName . 'Binding');
$soapAddress = $dom->createElement('soap:address');
$soapAddress->setAttribute('location', $serviceUrl);
$port->appendChild($soapAddress);
$service->appendChild($port);
$dom->documentElement->appendChild($service);
}
}
